In the twentieth century urban development increased sharply and became an important environmental factor. The north of West Siberia began to develop rapidly in the form of industrialization in the second half of the twentieth century. The article considers the consequences of active industrial development of the north of West Siberia. In 1960–1970s creation of the West Siberian oil and gas complex (ZSNGK) was the major event in Siberia. But despite high rates of urban development, there were such seriousproblems as uncomfortable living environment, natural and climatic conditions of the region, environmental consequences of industrial development of the region.